Food toxicity testing

This standard specifies the basic test methods and technical requirements for in vitro mammalian cell chromosome aberration testing. This standard is applicable to the evaluation of in vitro mammalian cell chromosomal aberrations of the test substance. 2 Terminology and Definitions 2.1 Chromosome Structural Aberrations: Chromosome structural changes that occur during the metaphase of cell mitosis that can be directly observed through a microscope. Such as chromosomal deletions and fragments, chromosome exchanges, etc. Chromosome structural aberrations can be divided into chromosomal type aberrations and chromatid type aberrations. 2.1.1 Chromosome structural damage is characterized by changes such as breakage or recombination at the same site of both chromatids. 2.1.2 Chromosome structural damage caused by chromatid aberration, manifested as chromatid breakage or chromatid recombination. 2.2 The ratio of the number of metaphase cells in the mitotic index to the total number of observed cells; it is an indicator reflecting the degree of cell proliferation. 2.3 Intranuclear replication: After the S phase of DNA replication, the nucleus begins another S phase process without undergoing mitosis. The result is that chromosomes have 4, 8, 16... times the number of chromatids. 2.4 If the length of a slit chromosome or chromatid injury is less than the width of one chromatid, it is the minimum misarrangement of chromatids. The purpose and principle of the experiment are to evaluate the possibility of mutagenicity of the test substance by detecting whether it induces chromosomal aberrations in mammalian cells cultured in vitro. Expose cultured mammalian cells to the test substance with or without the addition of metabolic activation systems. Treat cells with mid-term mitotic phase blockers (such as colchicine or colchicine) to stop them in the mid-term mitotic phase, and then harvest, slice, stain, and analyze chromosomal aberrations. 4 Instruments and Reagents 4.1 Instruments Cell Culture Chamber, Inverted Microscope, Ultra Clean Table, Centrifuge

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