Testing of dried products of Hericium erinaceus

Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. is a fungus belonging to the genus Hericium in the family Odontidae. The fruiting body is medium, large or large, with a diameter of 3.5-10 (30) centimeters. It is fleshy and has a head like or inverted egg like appearance, resembling the head of a monkey, hence the name "monkey head". The base of the cultivated Hericium erinaceus is narrow, and the base is often shaped like a handle because it grows inside the mouth of a bottle or plastic bag. Except for the base, the surrounding body is covered with fungal spines. Fungal spines are 1-5 centimeters long, needle shaped, and 1-2 millimeters thick. Spores born on the surface of fungal spines, spherical, with a diameter of (5.5-7.5) microns × (5-6) microns, containing oil droplets, spore pile white. Hericium erinaceus is widely distributed in nature, mainly in broad-leaved forests or mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests in the northern temperate zone, such as Western Europe, North America, Japan, Russia, and other places. In China, it is mainly distributed in the forest areas of the Greater and Lesser Khingan Mountains in the northeast, the Tianshan Mountains and the Altar Mount Taishan Mountains in the northwest, the Himalayas in the west and the Hengduan Mountains in the southwest, including Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Yunnan, Tibet, Zhejiang, Fujian and other provincial autonomous regions. Hericium erinaceus is not only a precious food in China, but also an important medicinal mushroom. Monkey head mushroom is one of the eight "mountain delicacies" in China. Since ancient times, it has been said to be "mountain delicacy monkey head, seafood bird's nest". It is listed as one of the four famous dishes alongside bear's paw, sea cucumber, and shark fin, with tender and fragrant meat, delicious taste, rich nutrition, and superior color, aroma, and taste. In addition, Hericium erinaceus is also a valuable traditional Chinese medicinal herb, with the functions of nourishing, promoting digestion, and benefiting the five internal organs. Modern research has shown that it contains active ingredients such as peptides, polysaccharides, fats, and proteins, which have certain therapeutic effects on gastrointestinal tumors, gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, gastritis, abdominal distension, etc. It is said that as early as 3000 years ago in the Shang Dynasty, people had already picked and consumed them. There are records of Monkey Head Mushroom found 370 years ago in Xu Guangqi's "Complete Book of Agricultural Policies" of the Ming Dynasty. In 1959, China began domesticating Hericium erinaceus and successfully cultivated it in sawdust bottles in 1960. Mass cultivation and promotion began in the 1970s and became popular in the 1980s. Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences isolated pure bacterial strains from wild monkey heads in Qiqihar

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